Yes, IVF is legal in Romania under Law 46/2003 on Reproductive Health and the Rights of the Child, amended by Emergency Ordinance 114/2020 and further refined by Order 1961/2023 of the Ministry of Health. The framework permits IVF for heterosexual couples, single women, and same-sex female couples, provided they meet medical and legal criteria. However, access is contingent on compliance with the National Transplant Agency’s (ANM) 2025 ethical guidelines, which prohibit embryo selection for non-medical traits and mandate genetic testing only for severe hereditary conditions.
Key Regulations for In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) in Romania
- Eligibility Criteria: Only individuals aged 18–45 (women) or 18–50 (men) may undergo IVF, with mandatory psychological evaluation for single applicants or same-sex couples. The National Authority for Patients’ Rights (ANPR) enforces these age limits via clinic licensing.
- Embryo Storage & Disposition: Embryos may be stored for up to 5 years (extendable to 10 with ANM approval) under Law 46/2003. Post-storage, couples must consent to donation, research, or destruction; unauthorized disposal triggers criminal liability under Article 336 of the Penal Code.
- Genetic Screening Limits: Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is restricted to aneuploidy screening or severe monogenic disorders. The 2026 ANM directive explicitly bans PGT for sex selection or non-therapeutic enhancements, aligning with EU bioethics frameworks.