Yes, owning a pet fox is legal in New Mexico, but compliance with state and local regulations is mandatory. The New Mexico Department of Game and Fish (NMDGF) permits fox ownership under strict permitting, primarily for species like the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), provided they are captive-bred. Exotic species such as arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) or fennec foxes (Vulpes zerda) require additional federal permits. Local municipalities, including Albuquerque and Santa Fe, may impose further restrictions, such as zoning laws or mandatory microchipping. Violations can result in fines or confiscation under the 2026 NMDGF Wildlife Conservation Act updates.
Key Regulations for Owning a Pet Fox in New Mexico
- Permitting Requirements: A valid NMDGF Captive Wildlife Permit is mandatory for private fox ownership. Permits are issued only for captive-bred foxes; wild-caught specimens are prohibited. Applicants must demonstrate adequate housing, veterinary care plans, and compliance with biosecurity standards.
- Species Restrictions: Only native or commonly domesticated fox species are permitted. Exotic species require a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Lacey Act-compliant permit. The NMDGF maintains an updated list of prohibited species, revised biennially.
- Local Ordinances: Municipalities may impose additional constraints, such as mandatory enclosures exceeding 100 sq. ft., noise ordinances, or prohibitions in residential zones. For example, Bernalillo County enforces a 2025 ordinance requiring annual inspections for permitted exotic pets.