It is strictly regulated.
Spearguns are legal in India only under stringent conditions. The Arms Act, 1959, and Arms Rules, 2016, classify spearguns as “firearms” if they use compressed gas or mechanical propulsion. Manual spearguns (e.g., slingshot-style) remain unregulated but face local restrictions. Recent 2026 draft amendments to the Arms Rules propose stricter licensing for underwater fishing equipment, requiring state-level permits and mandatory registration with local forest or wildlife departments.
Key Regulations for Spearguns in India
- Licensing Mandate: Under the Arms Act, 1959, any speargun using gas or mechanical propulsion requires a valid firearms license issued by the state police or district magistrate. Manual spearguns are exempt but may still require permits under state-specific wildlife protection laws.
- Restricted Use Zones: Deployment is prohibited in marine protected areas (e.g., Gulf of Mannar, Andaman & Nicobar Islands) and within 500 meters of notified sanctuaries, as per the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. Violations attract penalties under Section 51 of the Act.
- 2026 Compliance Shifts: Proposed amendments to the Arms Rules, 2016, introduce mandatory training certification for speargun users, age restrictions (minimum 21 years), and periodic inspections by local forest officials to curb illegal fishing and poaching.