Yes, spearguns are legal in Missouri for recreational and commercial use, but compliance with state wildlife statutes and local ordinances is mandatory. The Missouri Department of Conservation (MDC) regulates spearfishing under fishing regulations, requiring adherence to seasonal, size, and species restrictions. Violations may result in fines or permit revocation.
Key Regulations for Spearguns in Missouri
- Species and Size Limits: Only non-game fish species may be taken with spearguns unless otherwise permitted by MDC. Minimum size limits apply to species like paddlefish (34 inches) and sturgeon (72 inches), enforced statewide since 2024 revisions.
- Seasonal Restrictions: Spearfishing is prohibited during closed seasons for target species, such as the spring paddlefish snagging moratorium (March 15–April 30). Commercial spearfishing is further restricted to designated zones in the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers.
- Equipment and Permits: A valid Missouri Fishing Permit is required for residents and non-residents. Spearguns must not exceed 5 feet in length, and mechanical reloading devices are banned. Local municipalities, like St. Louis County, may impose additional ordinances on discharge zones near public docks.
Local enforcement agencies, including the MDC’s Conservation Agents, conduct periodic patrols to verify compliance. Non-compliance with speargun-specific rules carries penalties up to $1,000 under Missouri’s Wildlife Code § 252.660. Always consult the MDC’s annual Summary of Missouri Fishing Regulations for updates, particularly for 2026 amendments on spearfishing gear standards.