Yes, crossbows are legal in France but subject to strict conditions under the Code de la sécurité intérieure (CSI) and Code rural et de la pêche maritime. Hunters may use them during authorized seasons with a valid permit, while civilians face tighter restrictions, including mandatory registration for high-powered models. Recent 2026 amendments by the Ministère de l’Intérieur clarify that crossbows exceeding 1,000 joules require a carte européenne d’arme (CEA) for ownership.
Key Regulations for Crossbows in France
- Hunting Permits: Only holders of a valid permis de chasser may use crossbows for hunting, restricted to designated game species and seasons enforced by Fédération Nationale des Chasseurs (FNC).
- Power Limits: Crossbows with draw weights over 1,000 joules are classified as firearms under Article R311-2 of the CSI, necessitating CEA registration and storage in a secure safe.
- Civilian Restrictions: Unlicensed individuals may possess crossbows under 1,000 joules but cannot carry them in public without justification. Sales to minors under 18 are prohibited per Article L312-1-1 of the CSI.
Local prefectures (préfectures) and gendarmerie units conduct periodic inspections to verify compliance, particularly for high-powered models. Violations may result in confiscation or criminal charges under Article 222-54 of the Code pénal. Always consult the Direction Générale de la Sécurité Intérieure (DGSI) for updates, as regional ordinances may impose additional constraints.